Barcelona's Marcus Rashford and Adam Wharton of Crystal Palace are back in the squad, while Nottingham Forest's Elliot Anderson and Tottenham Hotspur's Djed Spence have both been called up to the senior squad for the first time.
But there was no place for Jack Grealish, who has impressed already during his loan move to Everton from Manchester City. Kyle Walker and Ivan Toney were also left out of Tuchel's squad.
Group K leaders England play Andorra at Villa Park on September 6th, and then Serbia three days later in Belgrade.
The 26-year-old Alexander-Arnold has had a difficult start to his LaLiga career, losing his starting place last week to Dani Carvajal.
England, runners-up at the 2024 European Championship, have a maximum nine points so far, having picked up wins over Albania, Latvia and Andorra in Tuchel's first three games.
Albania are in second place with five points from four matches, ahead of Serbia and Latvia, who each have four points after two and three games, respectively.
Andorra are bottom, having lost their first four matches.
Tuchel was scheduled to address the media later on Friday at Wembley Stadium.
The campaign's remaining fixtures are in October and November, with England looking to secure a place at next year's World Cup in the US, Mexico and Canada.
The group winners qualify directly for the finals, with the runners-up entering the playoffs.
England squad
Goalkeepers: Dean Henderson, Jordan Pickford, James Trafford
Defenders: Dan Burn, Marc Guehi, Reece James, Ezri Konsa, Myles Lewis-Skelly, Tino Livramento, Djed Spence, John Stones
Midfielders: Elliot Anderson, Morgan Gibbs-White, Jordan Henderson, Declan Rice, Morgan Rogers, Adam Wharton
Forwards: Jarrod Bowen, Eberechi Eze, Anthony Gordon, Harry Kane, Noni Madueke, Marcus Rashford, Ollie Watkins